ADHD treatment options

There are two main types of medication for ADHD: stimulant and non-stimulant. They work in different ways in the brain to help control ADHD’s key symptoms.

Not all people respond to the same medication in the same way. They may need to have their medication adjusted at first to find the right type and dosage. Sometimes, ADHD medication causes side effects. These usually go away in a few days. (Find out how ADHD medication works in the brain.)

People with ADHD are also more likely to have anxiety or depression. So health professionals may suggest medication for those issues, too.

Learn more in this guide to ADHD medication.

People with ADHD may find it helpful to work with a mental health professional. There are two types of therapy that people with ADHD commonly do:

Behavior therapy: The main goal is to change negative behaviors into positive ones. This type of therapy often involves using a rewards system at home. It’s helpful to some kids with ADHD, and it’s often used along with medication.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): This is a type of talk therapy. The main goal is to get people to think about their thoughts, feelings, and behavior. It’s not specifically for ADHD. But it may be helpful for some people, especially if they have anxiety and/or depression.

Social skills groups: For some people, ADHD symptoms can make it hard to socialize. People may talk nonstop or not think before they speak. A social skills group run by a professional can help them learn and practice important skills for interacting with others.

Find out how these therapies work:

• CBT

• Behavior therapy

• Social skills groups

Medication is the most effective treatment for most people with ADHD. But there are other non-medication approaches that have some backing in research. They include:

• Exercise

• Outdoor activities

• Omega supplements

• Mindfulness 

Research has shown these to be somewhat helpful in relieving ADHD symptoms. But there are other products some people try that aren’t supported by research. These include certain supplements and “train-the-brain” games.

Get the facts about alternative treatments for ADHD.

They may not “treat” symptoms, but certain supports can help keep challenges from getting in the way at school or at work.

For example, accommodations can create an environment where people with ADHD can do their best work. This is true at school or in the workplace. Examples of accommodations include getting extra time on tests at school and having a quiet space to work in an office. 

Supports at school are often part of special education. The first step toward getting them is usually an evaluation. (Evaluations done at school are free.) At work, employees can start by talking to their manager about specific challenges and supports that would help.

• Parents and caregivers: Find out how to request an evaluation at school.

• Educators: Learn about classroom accommodations for ADHD. 

• If you have ADHD: Get information about accommodations at work.